ABSTRACT
Our objective was to describe the distribution of rhinovirus (RV) by species and type in both symptomatic and asymptomatic children in a prospective study over multiple years. A large and diverse distribution of RV types was seen among children with and without symptoms. RV-A and RV-C were predominant at all visits.
Subject(s)
Communicable Diseases , Enterovirus Infections , Picornaviridae Infections , Respiratory Tract Infections , Child , Humans , Infant , Rhinovirus/genetics , Prospective Studies , Genotype , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiologyABSTRACT
There is scant literature available for pediatric prescribers regarding safety and efficacy of monoclonal antibody formulations against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we present 2 cases of serious infusion reactions in adolescent patients receiving the monoclonal antibody bebtelovimab and a succinct review of available antiviral medications for pediatric patients with mild or moderate COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , Child , AdolescentABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To establish statewide consensus priorities for safer in-person school for children with medical complexity (CMC) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic using a rapid, replicable, and transparent priority-setting method. METHODS: We adapted the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative Method, which allows for crowdsourcing ideas from diverse stakeholders and engages technical experts in prioritizing these ideas using predefined scoring criteria. Crowdsourcing surveys solicited ideas from CMC families, school staff, clinicians and administrators through statewide distribution groups/listservs using the prompt: "It is safe for children with complex health issues and those around them (families, teachers, classmates, etc.) to go to school in-person during the COVID-19 pandemic if/when " Ideas were aggregated and synthesized into a unique list of candidate priorities. Thirty-four experts then scored each candidate priority against 5 criteria (equity, impact on COVID-19, practicality, sustainability, and cost) using a 5-point Likert scale. Scores were weighted and predefined thresholds applied to identify consensus priorities. RESULTS: From May to June 2021, 460 stakeholders contributed 1166 ideas resulting in 87 candidate priorities. After applying weighted expert scores, 10 consensus CMC-specific priorities exceeded predetermined thresholds. These priorities centered on integrating COVID-19 safety and respiratory action planning into individualized education plans, educating school communities about CMC's unique COVID-19 risks, using medical equipment safely, maintaining curricular flexibility, ensuring masking and vaccination, assigning seats during transportation, and availability of testing and medical staff at school. CONCLUSIONS: Priorities for CMC, identified by statewide stakeholders, complement and extend existing recommendations. These priorities can guide implementation efforts to support safer in-person education for CMC.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Infection Control/methods , Multiple Chronic Conditions , Safety , Schools , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child Health , Consensus , Crowdsourcing , Female , Health Policy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Stakeholder Participation , Wisconsin , Young AdultABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 lead to wide-spread quarantines and cancelations. The impact of these measures on other, noncoronavirus disease 2019, infectious diseases was analyzed within Dane County, Wisconsin. The incidence of streptococcal pharyngitis and acute otitis media decreased during quarantine while gonorrhea increased. Quarantine had the expected result for infections spread via the respiratory route but a different effect from those transmitted through sexual activity.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases/epidemiology , Health Impact Assessment , Physical Distancing , Quarantine , Schools , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Communicable Diseases/etiology , Comorbidity , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Public Health Surveillance , Young AdultABSTRACT
This review highlights the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children and neonates and contrasts these features with other common respiratory viruses. Although the majority of infections in children are mild, there are many important, as yet, unanswered questions (specifically, the attack rate in children and the role of children as vectors of infection) that will have a major impact on disease in adults. There are no distinctive clinical characteristics that will allow the infectious disease consultant to make the diagnosis without laboratory testing. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appears to be less common, with lower morbidity and mortality than respiratory syncytial virus or influenza, and causes less-severe disease in children with cancer than these more common viruses. The range of severity of infection during pregnancy is comparable to infection in nonpregnant cohorts. Intrauterine infection has been documented but is uncommon. A theme of less-severe disease in individuals with modulated immune systems is emerging.